Using screen as your login shell

GNU screen is a nice utility that allows running multiple interactive shells from the same terminal session and allows you to detach from your terminal while keeping those shells alive. Later on, you can re-attach to your background screen to get back to your shells. It has a lot more features like automatic session logging and terminal window splitting. You can discover them all in the manual.

How many times did you start a long-running task like gcc compilation on a remote server and then suddenly needed to disconnect from your shell? Maybe you just needed to move to some other place with your laptop, but if you disconnected from your LAN, your ssh connection would go down. How many times you thought “Damn, if I had launched screen before this…”?

The trick to save your compile time and not break your schedule is simple: just have your shell .profile script run screen at startup on your remote server. For bash, the syntax is simple, just add the following line at the end of your ˜/.profile script:

if [ ${SHLVL} -eq 1 ]; then
    ((SHLVL+=1)); export SHLVL
    exec screen -R -e "^Ee" ${SHELL} -l
fi

Quick implementation notes:

1. Parameter -R reattaches to an existing detached session, if it exists, otherwise creates a new one.
2. Parameter -e sets a non-standard escape character. This is useful since you don’t want login screen to interfere with other screens you may spawn during your activity. I chose Ctrl-E as it’s not used by other well-known keyboard shortcuts and works on most OSes.

To detach from your server type Ctrl-E d or just close your terminal window. Running processes will remain active in background, without detaching from your shell. When you connect to your remote shell again, you’ll get back to your session.

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